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MARTINDALE’S THE “VIRTUAL” ~ NUTRITION CENTER SECTION I ANATOMY TO NUTRITION COURSES, DATABASES, LECTURES, VIDEOS |
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Home Page ~
Nutrition Center
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Anatomy, Reproduction, Embryology & Histology Related Centers FOR MORE ANATOMY, REPRODUCTION, EMBRYOLOGY & HISTOLOGY ATLASES, Reproduction & Embryology Courses, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Human Reproduction Courses & Lectures
Uterine Pathology: Fibroids; Ovarian Pathology; Non-hormonal Contraception; Hormonal Contraception; The Placenta & Placental Pathology; Sexual Differentiation; Maternal Physiology; Parturition; etc…” For more information see the Embryology Courses with Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
learning concepts in embryological development…” Examples of “Embryology” Course Categories include
Menstrual Cycle; Coelomic Cavity; Endocrine; Gastrointestinal Tract; Head and Neck; Heart; Musculoskeletal Systems; Nervous System; Neural Crest; Organs of Senses; Respiratory System; Skin, Hair and Nails; Urogenital; Placenta and Fetal Membranes; etc…” For more information see |
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Anatomy Courses, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Anatomy Lessons with Text, Images, Animations, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
Blumenthal’s pharmacology course detailing bloodflow, aortic/ventricular volumes and pressures present in a normal cardiac cycle. Also included are an electrocardiogram and heart sounds graph…” For more information see
composed of four chambers, two upper (the atria) and two lower (the ventricles). It works as a pump to send oxygen-rich blood through all the parts of the body. A human heart beats an average of 100,000 times per day. In that time, it pumps more than 4,300 gallons of blood throughout the entire body. The heart’s cycle starts when…” For more information see Anatomy Courses
Muscles in Alphabetical Order…”
Posterior…” Vertebrae Bones
Thoracic: Superior inferior; lumbar: Superior, Inferior & Lateral; etc…” Thorax Bones
Clavicle; Humerus; etc…” Pelvis Bones; Lower Extremity Bones.
External Carotid…” Upper Limb Arteries
Scapular region; Arm and Forearm; Forearm and Hand…” Thorax Arteries;
Cervical plexus; Brachial plexus; etc…” |
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Chemistry & Biochemistry Related Centers FOR MORE CHEMISTRY & BIOCHEMISTRY ATLASES, CASES, COURSES, Periodic Tables with Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
Find a Chemical
Condensed Phase Thermodynamic Data; Phase Change Thermodynamic Data; Reaction Thermodynamic Data; Gas Phase Ion Energetics Data; Gas Phase Ion Cluster Data; IR Spectrum; Mass Spectrum; UV/Vis Spectrum; Vibrational & Electronic Energy Levels; Group Additivity Based Estimates; Constants of Diatomic Molecules & Fluid Property Data; etc…” For more information
to Duke, James A. 1992. Handbook of phytochemical constituents of GRAS herbs and other economic plants….” For more information see |
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Microscopes & Microscopy with Text, Images, Animations & Simulations
optical microscopy, digital imaging and photomicrography…” For more information see
Chromatic Aberration; Eyepiece Reticle Calibration; Field Curvature; etc…”
Optical Pathways in the Phase Contrast Microscope; etc…”
DIC Microscope Component Alignment; Comparison of Phase Contrast and DIC Microscopy; Wavefront Relationships in Reflected Light DIC Microscopy; etc…”
Blue Excitation; Blue-Violet Excitation; etc…”
Toroidal Mirrors; etc…”
intensity, magnification, and translation—operating essentially in a manner that is identical to real-life microscopes…” For more information see
Basic Concepts in Optical Microscopy Calculators & Applets Basic Concepts in Optical Microscopy Calculators & Applets include:
Introduction to Lenses and Geometrical Optics; Microscope Optical Components; Microscope Illumination; Image Brightness; etc…”
Basic Properties of Digital Images; Introduction to Charge-Coupled Devices (CCDs); Introduction to CMOS Image Sensors; etc…”
Differential Interference Contrast; Oblique or Anaxial Illumination; Phase Contrast; Deconvolution in Optical Microscopy; Live-Cell Imaging; Confocal Microscopy; etc…”
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Chemistry pH: Acid Base Lectures, Lessons, etc.
It allows numerical values to be visualized on an interactive diagram and simultaneously provides continuous text interpretation. The diagram operates in several modes allowing recognition of classical zones as well as self testing…” Examples of “Acid-Base” Subject Catetories include
Acid-Base Physiology; Acid Production; Henderson Equation; Acid-Base Diagram; Clinical Considerations; Acid-Base Therapy: Respiratory Correction; Metabolic Acidosis and Alkalosis; Acid-Base Interpretation; Stewart’s Strong Ion Difference; etc…” For more information see |
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Chemistry Laboratory Demonstrations with Text, Images, Animations, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
and equipment used in the general chemistry laboratory…” For more information see the
Heating Apparatus Video Demonstrations; Measurements Video Demonstrations; Physical Separations Video Demonstrations; Reactions Video Demonstrations; Safety Video Demonstrations; Spectroscopy Video Demonstrations; etc…”
Beaker Video Demonstrations; Bunsen Burner Video Demonstrations; Cuvette Video Demonstrations; Electrodes Video Demonstrations; Flask Video Demonstrations; Measuring Pipet Video Demonstrations; Pasteur Pipet Video Demonstrations; Rubber Tubing Video Demonstrations; Spectrophotometer Video Demonstrations; Thermometer Video Demonstrations; etc…”
Barium Chloride Video Demonstrations; Calcium Chloride Video Demonstrations; Crystal Violet Video Demonstrations; Lithium Chloride Video Demonstrations; Sodium Bicarbonate Video Demonstrations; etc…”
Demonstration of Four Reaction Types Video Demonstrations; Making a Large Drop Microburet Video Demonstrations; Reaction of Sodium Carbonate and Hydrochloric Acid Video Demonstrations; Serial Acid-Base Titration Video Demonstrations; Single Well Acid-Base Titration Video Demonstrations; Universal Indicator Video Demonstrations; etc…”
torture students. The laboratory is designed to support and illustrate chemical concepts studied…” Each “Chemistry Experiment” includes
Problems, Safety, Procedure – Step by Step & Write-up…” For more information see the Chemical Laboratory Experiments with Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
Flammable Vapour Video Demonstration; Flammable Solid Video Demonstration; Smoke Video Demonstration (decomposition reaction); Hydrogen Peroxide Video Demonstration; Dihydrogen Gas Video Demonstration; Thermite Reaction Video Demonstration; etc…” Examples from over “25” Chemistry Laboratory Video Demonstrations WITHOUT Explinations include
Lime Light Video Demonstration; Liquid Nitrogen Video Demonstration; Liquid Nitrogen Blowing up Balloons Video Demonstration; Liquid Oxygen Video Demonstration; Flammable Solid Video Demonstration; Silane Gas Video Demonstration; etc…” For more information see the |
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Biochemistry Courses, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Biochemistry Courses with Text, Images, Animations, Interactive Molecular Modeling & Simulations
Lipids in Water: Structure; Dynamics of Membrane Lipids; etc…” Protein Structure
Understanding Protein Conformation; Proteins Folding – In Vivo and In Vitro; Laboratory Determination of DGo for Protein Folding/Unfolding; Thermodynamics and IMF’s in Protein Stability; etc…” Carbohydrates
Complex Oligosaccharides; Glycoproteins: Biosynthesis and Function; etc…” DNA, Genomics, and Protemoics
The Central Dogma of Biology; The Language of DNA; etc…” Binding
Reversible Binding II: Experimental Binding Curves, Kd, and Error Analysis; etc…” Transport and Kinetics; For more information see
Protein Structure; Protein Folding; Enzyme Kinetics; Introduction to Metabolism; Glycolysis; Mitochondrial Electron Transport System; Nucleotide Metabolism – Purine Biosynthesis; Photosynthesis; etc…” For more information see
Chloroplasts and Photosynthesis; The Calvin Cycle – RuBisCo; Fatty Acid Biosynthesis; Chlesterol Biosynthesis; Nitrogen Metabolism; Protein Degredation; Nucleotide Metabolism – Purine Biosynthesis; Pyrimidine Biosynthesis; Nucleotide Degredation; Metabolic Integration; NA, RNA & Nucleic Acid Structure; DNA Structure and Folding; Eukaryotic DNA Replication – Polymerases; etc…” For more information see Microbiology Courses, Textbooks, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Bacteriology Courses & Textbooks
Growth of Bacterial Populations; Control of Microbial Growth; The Diversity of Procaryotic Metabolism; etc…” Bacterial Relationships with Animals
Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenicity; Bacteria of Medical Importance; etc…” Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis
Bacterial Protein Toxins; Bacterial Endotoxin; etc…” Bacterial Pathogens and Diseases of Humans
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pneumococcal Pneumonia; Neisseria: Gonorrhea and Meningitis; Whooping Cough (Pertussis); Cholera; Shigella and Shigellosis; Bacillus anthracis and Anthrax; Tuberculosis; etc…” Emerging Pathogens; For more information see |
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Food Chemistry Courses, Lectures, Lessons, Calculations/Modeling, Laboratory Experiments, etc. Food Chemistry Courses with Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
Food Chemistry Calculations & Modeling
count from a past time series of fluctuating counts assuming the data in that series have a normal or lognormal distribution…” For more information see
Real-time generation of bacterial spores’ survival curves during sterilization; Real-time generation of microbial survival curves during disinfection with a volatile chemical agent; Generation of non-isothermal microbial growth curves having a long lag period (model A); Generation of non-isothermal microbial growth curves having a short lag period (model B)….” For more information see Food Chemistry Laboratory Methods & Experiments
experience with a number of organisms relevant to food microbiology – i.e., those associated with spoilage, production (yogurt, sauerkraut and sausage) and food-transmitted illnesses…” For more information see the
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Food Properties Courses, Databases, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Food Properties Databases
data on the physical properties of foods over a wide range of conditions and processes…” “…The project was part funded by the EU, received commercial s ponsership from Nestle, RHM and Unilever, was managed by Dr Paul Nesvadba, and the internet work was done by NEL…”
Microbiological Analysis of Foods
for microbiological analyses of foods and cosmetics…” Examples of FDA “Bacteriological Analytical Manual” Bacteriology Protocols Categories & Subcategories include
Methods for Specific Pathogens
Salmonella; Shigella; Clostridium perfringens; Yeasts, Molds and Mycotoxins; etc…” Methods for Microbial Toxins;
Examination of Metal Containers for Integrity; Examination of Glass Containers for Integrity; Microbiological Methods for Cosmetics; etc…” For more information see the
activities on meat, poultry and egg products. Specifically, microbiological methods are presented for sample preparation, isolation…” Examples from the “Microbiology Laboratory Guidebook” Microbiology Protocols include
Isolation And Identification Of Salmonella From Meat, Poultry And Egg Products; FSIS Procedure for the Use of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and O157:NM (Nonmotile) Screening Tests; Tests For Enzymes In Meat And Meat Products; Identification Of Animal Species in Meat and Poultry Products; Detection And Identification Of Extraneous Material In Meat And Poultry Products; For more information see the
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Body Composition Analysis Courses, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Body Composition Analysis Lectures, Lessons, etc. with Text, Images & Animations
Taste, Gustation, Gustatory System Taste, Gustation, Gustatory System Anatomy & Function Courses, Lectures, Lessons, etc.
elongated “neuroepithelial” cells (50-60 microns in height, 30-70 microns in width), which are often embedded in special structure in the surrounding epithelium, termed papillae. At the apex of the taste bud, microvillar processes protrude through a small opening, the taste pore, into the oral milieu…” Examples of “Taste Lessons – Gustation Lessons” include
Salt Taste; Sour Taste; Sweet Taste; Bitter Taste; Umami Taste (certain amino acids (e.g. glutamate, aspartate and related compounds); Taste Buds and Taste Papillae; Regional Localisation of Taste on the Tongue (Taste maps); etc…” For more information see Nose, Smell, Olfactory Nose, Smell, Olfactory Courses, Lectures, Lessons, etc.
Skin and Soft Tissues; Blood Supply and Lymphatics; Nerves; Bony Anatomy; Cartilaginous Pyramid; Nasal Analysis; etc…” For more information see Smell Atlases, Aroma Compounds, with Text, Images & Simulations
as animals. From an evolutionary standpoint it is one of the most ancient of senses. Smell (or Olfaction) allows vertebrates and other organisms with olfactory receptors to identify food, mates, predators, and provides both sensual pleasure (the odor of flowers and perfume) as well as warnings of danger…” Examples of “Olfaction” Lessons include
Trigeminal Sense in the Olfactory Epithelium; The Odorant Binding Proteins; Odorant Receptors; G-Protein Coupled Receptors; Ion Protein Channels; Chemical Olfactory Stimulation: Theories on Olfaction; A Combinatorial Process for Odor Interpretation; etc…” For more information see
Examples of “Perfume & Fragrances Encyclopedia” Subject Categories include
Examples of “Raw Materials of Perfumes and Perfumery” include
Animal; Aquatic; Aromatic; Balsamic; Floral; Green; Herbaceos; etc…” Examples of “Manufacturing Techniques” include
Distillation; Extraction; Enfleurage; Softact; Synthetic Molecules; etc…” For more information see |
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Food Science Lectures & Lessons Krebs Cycle Lectures & Lessons with Text, Images & Simulations
Lipids Lectures & Lessons with Text, Images & Simulations
Foods Under the Microscope
very important physical properties of foods such as elasticity or firmness and sensory attributes such as grittiness. Industrial production of foods and, in particular, the development of new foods can use the information collected and analyzed by food microscopists…”
Yogurt: Electron Microscopy Yogurt
the development of yogurt structure. The crucial condition in yogurt making is the heating of the milk. Its temperature must reach at least 85�C (90�C is more commonly used) and held at this temperature for at least 10 min. This treatment alters the casein micelles and prepares them for the unique structure to form…”
but also seen, because manufacturing processes impart special features on the cheese microstructure…” |
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Rheology, Food Processing & Food Process Engineering Rheology, Food Processing, & Food Process Engineering Courses & Textbooks
individual processes. Each Chapter contains unworked examples to help the student food technologist or process engineer gain a grasp of the subject…” Examples of “Unit Operations in Food Processing” Textbook Chapters, Subchapters, etc. include
Energy Balances
Freezing; Drying; Canning…” Mechanical Energy; Electrical Energy; etc…” Fluid-flow Theory
Streamline & Turbulent Flow; Energy Losses in Flow; etc…” Fluid-flow Applications
Measurement of Velocity in a Fluid; Pumps & Fans; etc…” Heat-transfer Theory
Unsteady State Heat Transfer; Radiation Heat Transfer; Convection Heat Transfer; etc…” Heat-transfer Applications
Drying:
Psychorometry; Equilibrium Moisture Content; Air Drying; etc…” Evaporation
Vapour Recompression; Boiling Point Elevation; Evaporation of Heat-Sensitive Materials; etc…” Contact-equilibrium Processes
Solid/Liquid Equilibria; etc…” Applications
Crystallization; etc…” Mechanical Separations
Sedimentation; Flotation; Sedimentation of Particle in a Gas; Settling Under Combined Forces; Centrifugual Separations; Filitration; etc…” Size Reduction
For more information see the
Correlations with Sensory Attributes; Viscosity; Time Dependency; etc…” Tube Viscometry
Data Corrections for Capillary and Tube Flow; etc…” Rotational Viscometry
Cone and Plate Viscometry; etc…” Viscoelastic Material Functions; etc. For more information see
analytical tools needed to determine rheological properties from experimental data. Methods appropriate for common food industry applications are presented. All standard measurement techniques for fluid and semi-solid foods are included. Selected methods for solids are also presented…” Examples of “Rheology Methods in Food Process Engineering” Textbook Chapters include
Tube Viscometry; Rotational Viscometry; Extensional Flow; Viscoelasticity…” For more information see |
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Viticulture & Enology Databases, Courses, Manuals, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Enology – Grape Chemistry
Grape Production & Wine Making
indexing for wine literature as comprehensively as possible….” For more information see the
is an old technique for changing the fruiting variety in a vineyard without the expense of replanting, and a loss of only one year of cropping…” For more information see Wine Dictionaries & Glossaries
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Food Toxicology Courses with Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
Dose-Response Relationships Video Lecture; Absorption of Toxicants Video Lecture; Distribution and Storage of Toxicants Video Lecture; Target Organ Toxicity Video Lecture; Food Intolerance and Metabolic Disorders Video Lecture; Genetically Modified Organisms in Food Video Lecture; Toxic Mold and Mycotoxins Video Lecture; Marine Toxins in Food Video Lecture; Toxicants Formed During Food Processing Video Lecture; etc…” For more information see Toxicology Courses, Lectures, Lessons, etc.
National Library of Medicine (NLM) chemical and toxicology databases…” Examples of “Basic Principles of Toxicology” Lectures include
Toxic Effects; Interactions; Toxicity Testing Methods; Risk Assessment; etc…” For more information see
Allergies & Nutritional Diseases Courses, Databases, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Food Allergies Databases, Lectures, Lessons, etc.
Foodborne Pathogenic Microorganisms Foodborne Disease Databases & Textbooks
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, provides current information about the major known agents that cause foodborne illness…” For more information see
many protozoa and helminths. In the United States, the most common foodborne parasites are protozoa such as…” For more information see Foodborne Illness Cost Calculators
foodborne illnesses have been used in regulatory cost-benefit and impact analyses. Like all cost estimates, the ERS estimates include assumptions about disease incidence, outcome severity, and the level of medical, productivity, and disutility costs. Changes to any of these assumptions could change the cost estimates and,…” Foodborne Illness Cost Calculators provide
assumptions behind foodborne illness cost estimates – and gives them a chance to make their own assumptions and calculate their own cost estimates…” Foodborne Illness Cost Calculators include:
Foodborne Illness Cost Calculator: STEC O157 (Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157)…” For more information see
Diagnosis and Management of Foodborne Illnesses Courses, Textbooks, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Diagnosis and Management of Foodborne Illnesses Textbook
information for the diagnosis, treatment and reporting of foodborne illnesses…” For more information see the |
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Nutrition Courses, Databases, Textbooks, Lectures, Lessons, etc. Nutrition Courses & Textbooks for Health Professionals
Overview and Nutrition Basics; Lifespan; Cardiovascular System; Metabolic/Endocrine Systems; Gastrointestinal; Hematology/Oncology; Immunology; etc…” For more information see Nutrition Databases
and improved search feature. You can now search by food item, group, or list to find the nutrient information for your food items…” For more information see the
within certain ranges, either for raw meat or meat cooked in a particular way. The user may find slight differences in the nutrient values generated by the ground beef calculator and those presented in SR for the same product. These differences are due to rounding, resulting from differences in the number of decimal places used by each system, and the complexity of the equations…” Ground Beef Calculator (Ground Beef Nutrition Calculator) INPUT Values include:
Ground Beef Calculator (Ground Beef Nutrition Calculator) OUTPUT Values include:
For more information see the
Nutrition Panel Calculator (NPC) has been developed to provide food manufacturers with the ability to readily calculate the average nutrient content of their food products…” Nutrition Panel Calculator for FOOD Products INPUT Values include:
Ingredients; Amount; Serving Size; etc…” For more information see the Nutrition Lessons
Comsummer Advice; Cosmetics; Food Additives, Pesticides and Chemicals; Foodborne Illness; Food Labeling and Nutrition Information; Imports, Inspections and HACCP; etc…”
Child and Adolescent Nutrition; Dietary Fat & Cholesterol; Sweeteners; Foodborne Illness; Food Additives; Food Allergy; etc…” |
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