MARTINDALE'S CALCULATORS ON-LINE CENTER MATHEMATICS CENTER: N-Z (Calculators, Applets, Spreadsheets, and where Applicable includes: Courses, Manuals, Handbooks, Simulations, Animations, Videos, etc.)

US/Pacific: Wednesday, August 27, 2008 Sydney, Australia: Thursday, August 28, 2008 File Download Time Calculator Author, E-Mail, Privacy Policy & Disclaimer Currently the Calculators On-Line Center contains over "23,565" Calculators & Spreadsheets, over "3,200" Courses, Lectures, Manuals, Handbooks, & "1,000's" of Movies, Videos, Simulations & Animations

COMPLEX MATH: N-Z Number Theory Numerical Analysis & Numerical Methods ~ Operations Research & Logistics Parametric Equations & Curves ~ Pendulums ~ Poisson Prime Numbers ~ Quantitative Finance Random Numbers ~ Real Analysis ~ Real Numbers Sandpiles & Singing Dunes: the Motion of Sand Grains Soap Film & Bubbles ~ Spirograph ~ Splines, Spline Curves Statistical Mechanics Sudoku ~ Symbolic & Inverse Symbolic ~ Tensors & Relativity Mathematics Center Calculators On-Line Center

Number Theory NUMBER THEORY COURSES Undergraduate ANALYTIC NUMBER THEORY - K. Kedlaya, Department of Mathematics, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Analytic Number Theory (Text & Images). Analytic Number Theory "...The fundamental questions in analytic number theory, and the ones which we focus on in this course, concern the interplay between the additive and multiplicative structures on the integers. Specifically, it is quite natural to ask questions of an additive nature about constructions which are intrinsically multiplicative..." Examples of Analytic Number Theory Course Chapters include: "...Dirichlet series and arithmetic functions; Primes in arithmetic progressions; The functional equation for the Riemann zeta function; von Mangoldt's formula; Revisiting the sieve of Eratosthenes; The Selberg sieve; Introduction to large sieve inequalities; The Bombieri-Vinogradov theorem (proof); etc..." For more information see Differential Equations 18.03 Home Page; Audio/Video Courses; Mathematics Courses; Courses by Departments; MIT OpenCourseWare or the Department of Mathematics INTRODUCTION TO ANALYTIC NUMBER THEORY (MATH 259) - N.D. Elkies, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Havard University Multimedia Analytic Number Theory Course (Text & Images). Examples of Introduction to Analytic Number Theory Lectures include: "...Elementary Methods I: Variations on Euclid; Dirichlet characters and L-series; Cebysev's method; Introduction of Stirling's approximation, and of the von Mangoldt function\Lambda(n) and its sum; The functional equation for the Riemann zeta function using Poisson inversion on theta series; Functions of finite order: Hadamard's product formula and its logarithmic derivative; etc..." For more information see Noam D. Elkies' Home Page or the Department of Mathematics Graduate ALGEBRAIC NUMBER THEORY - R.B. Ash, Department of Mathematics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois Multimedia Algebraic Number Theory Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Algebraic Number Theory Chapters include: "...Norms, Traces and Discriminants; Dedekind Domains; Factoring of Prime Ideals in Extensions; The Ideal Class Group; The Dirichlet Unit Theorem; Cyclotomic Extensions; Factoring of Prime Ideals in Galois Extensions; Local Fields..." For more information see Robert B. Ash or the Department of Mathematics ALGEBRAIC NUMBER THEORY - J.S. Milne, Professor Emeritus, Department of Mathematics, College of Literature, Science & Arts, University of Michigan Multimedia Algebraic Number Theory - PDF, 163 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Algebraic Number Theory "... are concerned with algebraic number theory, and the sequel with class field theory...." Examples of "Algebraic Number Theory" Course Chapters include "...Rings of Integers; Dedekind Domains; Factorization; The Finiteness of the Class Number; The Unit Theorem; Cyclotomic Extensions; Fermat's Last Theorem; Global Fields; etc..." For more information see Mathematics; James Milne's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics NUMBER THEORY CALCULATORS & APPLETS KANT/KASH: COMPUTATIONAL ALGEBRAIC NUMBER THRORY CALCULATOR - The KANT Group, Insitute of Mathematics, Faculty II: Mathematics & Natural Sciences; Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. KANT/KASH: Computational Algebraic Number Theory "...is a tool for sophisticated computations in number fields, in global function fields, and in local fields...." KANT/KASH: Computational Algebraic Number Theory includes Calculations for "...Computations in number fields; Ideals in number fields; Relative extensions of number fields; Computations in class field theory; Computations of Galois groups; Lattices; Diophantine equations; Algebraic function fields over finite fields, Q or number fields; etc..." For more information see Algebra & Number Theory ONLINE SAGE CALCULATOR & SAGE NOTEBOOK CALCULATOR - William Stein, Department of Mathematics, University of Mathematics VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. SAGE Calculator (Software for Algebra and Geometry Exploration) & SAGE Notebook Calculator are a "...studying a huge range of mathematics, including algebra, calculus, elementary to very advanced number theory, cryptography, numerical computation, commutative algebra, group theory, combinatorics, graph theory, and exact linear algebra..." For more information see William Stein's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics MAGMA COMPUTATIONAL ALGEBRA SYSTEM CALCULATOR - Computational Algebra Group, School of Mathematics & Statistics, University of Sydney VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. MAGMA Computational Algebra System Calculator is a "...High performance software for Algebra, Number Theory, and Geometry..." MAGMA Computational Algebra System includes Calculations for "Sets, Sequences, and Mappings; Basic Rings & Linear Algebra; Lattices & Quadratic Forms; Global Arithmetic Fields; Finite Groups; Lie Groups; Representation Theory; Geometry; Commutative Algebra; Coding Theory; Cryptography; etc..." For more information see the Magma Computational Algebra System Home Page; Computational Algebra Group or the School of Mathematics & Statistics BIG NUMBER SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR - D.A. Alpern, Buenos Aires, Argentina VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Big Number Scientific Calculator is a "...high-precision calculator features complex numbers, precision up to 1 million digits and exponents up to 1 billion..." For more information see Number Theory; Calculators or Darío A. Alpern's Home Page COMPLEX CALCULATOR - A. Bunkenburg, Department of Computing Science, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, U.K. VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Complex Calculator "...implements the functions of a usual desk calculator, but accepts input and displays output both symbolically and geometrically. In addition, the program can display the action of complex functions interactively..." For more information see Alexander Bunkenburg or the Department of Computing Science COMPLEX NUMBER CALCULATOR - D.A. Alpern, Buenos Aires, Argentina VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Complex Number Calculator: "...Reverse polish notation complex number calculator capable of performing all basic operations, powers, roots, logarithms, trigonometric functions, hyperbolic functions, gamma and polygamma functions..." For more information see Number Theory; Calculators or Darío A. Alpern's Home Page Some examples of other Number Theory Calculators include Gaussian Primes Calculator Gaussian Primes Calculator "...featuring a graphical view of gaussian prime numbers..." Factorization using the Elliptic Curve Method Calculator Factorization using the Elliptic Curve Method Calculator "...can be used to find 20- or 30-digit factors of numbers or numerical expressions up to 1000 digits long. It also computes the number and sum of divisors, Euler's totient and Moebius, and..." Sum of Squares Calculator Sum of Squares Calculator "...can find the decomposition of a number or numerical expression in a sum of up to four squares. It does not need its prime factorization...." NUMBER THEORY (JAVA APPLETS) - J.J. Holt (University of Virginia) & J.W. Jones (Arizona State University) and hosted by the Department of Mathematical Sciences, Michigan Technological University; a W. H. Freeman and Company Production Multimedia Number Theory Teaching Modules (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Number Theory Calculator Subject Categories include: "...Divisibility and Factorization Calculators; The Euclidean Algorithm and Linear Diophantine Equations Calculators; Congruences Calculators; Applications of Congruences Calculators; Solving Linear Congruences Calculators; Primes of Special Forms Calculators; Chinese Remainder Theorem Calculators; Multiplicative Orders Calculators; The Euler phi-function Calculators; Primitive Roots Calculators; Quadratic Congruences Calculators; Representation Problems Calculators; Continued Fractions Calculators; etc..." For more information see the Department of Mathematical Sciences Some examples from over "50" Number Theory Calculators include Chapter 1: Divisibility and Factorization Calculators Chapter 1: Divisibility and Factorization Calculators include: "...Divisors and GCDs Calculator; Divisors and Factorization Calculator; GCDs and Factorization Calculator; The Division Algorithm Calculator; etc..." Chapter 5: Solving Linear Congruences Calculators Chapter 5: Solving Linear Congruences Calculators include: "...Techniques Used with Rationals and Integers Calculator; Multiplicative Inverses Calculator; Linear Congruence Equations Calculator; Cryptanalysis Calculator; etc..." Chapter 8: Multiplicative Orders Calculators Chapter 8: Multiplicative Orders Calculators include: "...Limitations on Orders Calculator; Fermat and Euler Calculator; etc..." Chapter 12: Representation Problems Calculators Chapter 12: Representation Problems Calculators include: "...Sums of Two Squares Calculator; Pythagorean Triples Calculator; Sums of Many Squares Calculator; etc..." NUMBER THEORY (JAVA APPLET)S - Andreas de Vries, Math It, Fachbereich Technische Betriebswirtschaft, Germany In English & German/Deutsch. VERY EXTENSIVE. Number Theory Calculators include: "...Prime Factorization of Numbers Calculator; The Euler Totient Function Calculator; The Carmichael Function Calculator; The Graph of the Riemann zeta function Calculator; Rieman Hypothesis Calculator; etc..." For more information see Math It Mathematical Applets or Math It QUATERNION CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - D. Sweetser VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Quaternion Calculator is a "...calculator that can take real, complex numbers or quaternions as input, using the scalar, i, j and k buttons for each part..." For more information see Doing Physics with Quaternions or Doug Sweetser's Home Page

Numerical Analysis, Numerical Methods NUMERICAL ANALYSIS COURSES & TEXTBOOKS NUMERICAL METHODS COURSES & TEXTBOOKS Undergraduate NUMERICAL ANALYSIS - J.H. Mathews, Department of Mathematics, California State University, Fullerton Multimedia Numerical Analysis Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of Numerical Analysis Course Subject Categories include "...Calculus and Fundamentals; The Solution of Nonlinear Equations f(x) = 0 The Solution of Linear Systems AX = B Interpolation and Polynomial Approximation Numerical Differentiation; Numerical Integration; Solution of Differential Equations; etc..." For more information see Numerical Analysis, Numerical Methods Course Home Page; John H. Mathews' Home Page or the Department of Mathematics INTRODUCTION TO NUMERICAL METHODS - Per-Olof Persson, Department of Mathematics, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Introduction to Numerical Methods Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Introduction to Numerical Methods "...offers an advanced introduction to numerical linear algebra. Topics include direct and iterative methods for linear systems, eigenvalue decompositions and QR/SVD factorizations, stability and accuracy of numerical algorithms, the IEEE floating point standard, sparse and structured matrices, preconditioning,..." For more information see Mathematics Courses; Courses by Departments; MIT OpenCourseWare or the Department of Mathematics Graduate NUMERICAL METHODS OF APPLIED MATHEMATICS II - Plamen Koev, Department of Mathematics, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Numerical Methods of Applied Mathematics II (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Numerical Methods of Applied Mathematics II "...is an advanced introduction to applications and theory of numerical methods for solution of differential equations. In particular, the course focuses on physically-arising partial differential equations, with emphasis..." Examples of Numerical Methods of Applied Mathematics II Chapters include "...The Fast Fourier Transform; Wave Equation; Multistep Schemes; Dissipation; Group Velocity and Propagation of Wave Packets II; Systems of Differential Equations; etc..." For more information see Mathematics Courses; Courses by Departments; MIT OpenCourseWare or the Department of Mathematics NUMERICAL ANALYSIS CALCULATORS & APPLETS NUMERICAL ANALYSIS (JAVA APPLETS) - SoftIntegration, Inc. VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Numerical Analysis Calculator Subject Categories include: "...Data Analysis and Statistics Calculators; Data Interpolation and Curve Fitting Calculators; Minimization or Maximization of Functions Calculators; Polynomials Calculators; Nonlinear Equations Calculators; Ordinary Differential Equations Calculators; Derivatives and Differences Calculators; Integration Calculators; Matrix Analysis Functions Calculators; Matrix Decomposition Calculators; Matrix Functions Calculators; Special Matrices Calculators; Linear Equations Calculators; Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors Calculators; Fast Fourier Transforms Calculators; Convolution and Filtering Calculators; Cross Correlation Calculators; Complex Functions Calculators; Array Functions Calculators; etc..." For more information see Web Services; Numerical Computing or SoftIntegration, Inc. Some examples from over "60" Numerical Analysis Applets/Calculators include Data Analysis and Statistics: Covariance Calculator Data Interpolation and Curve Fitting: Fit a set of data points to a polynomial function Polynomials: Find Coefficients of a Polynomial Based on its Roots Nonlinear Equations: Find zeros of a nonlinear system of equations Integration: Double Integration Calculation Matrix Decomposition: LU factorization of a general n*n matrix Matrix Functions: Orthonormal bases of a matrix NUMERICAL ANALYSIS (JAVA APPLET) - S.A. Sarra, Department of Mathematics, Marshall University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Scott A. Sarra's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics

Operations Research & Logistics

Operations Research Courses & Lectures Operations Research, Logistics, Operations Management Operations Research & Logistics Algorithms P-Median ~ Sorting ~ Traveling Salesman Industrial Engineering: Warehouse & Distribution, Materials Handling, etc.

Operations Research & Logistics OPERATIONS RESEARCH COURSES, LECTURES, TEXTBOOKS, ETC. FOR MORE OPERATIONS RESEARCH CALCULATORS & APPLETS SEE LINEAR & NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING INCLUDING THE SIMPLEX METHOD DECISION SCIENCE - MANAGEMENT SCIENCE - OPERATIONS RESEARCH - H. Arsham, Division of Economics, Finance and Management Science, Merrick School of Business, University of Baltimore Multimedia Decision Science, Management Science & Operations Research Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Decision Science, Management Science & Operations Research Chapters include: "...Linear Optimization with Sensitivity; Integer Optimization and the Network Models; Tools for LP Modeling Validation; Time Series Analysis and Forecasting; Linear Algebra and LP Connections; Construction of the Sensitivity Region for LP Models; Zero Sagas in Four Dimensions; Systems Simulation; etc..." Hossein Arsham's Home Page or the Merrick School of Business A GENTLE INTRODUCTION PRACTICAL OPTIMIZATION - J.W. Chinneck, Department of Systems & Computer Engineering, Carleton University, Canada Multimedia Practical Optimization Course (Text, Images & Animations). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Practical Optimization "...is the art and science of allocating scarce resources to the best possible effect. Optimization techniques are called into play every day in questions of industrial planning, resource allocation, scheduling, decision-making, etc..." Practical Optimization Chapters include: "...Introduction to Linear Programming; Towards the Simplex Method for Efficient Solution of Linear Programs; The Mechanics of the Simplex Method; Solving General Linear Programs; Sensitivity Analysis; Linear Programming in Practice; PERT for Project Planning and Scheduling; Dynamic Programming; etc..." Examples of Algorithm Animations Subject Categories include "...Linear Programming Animations; Network Animations; Integer Programming Animations; Yeuristics for Discrete Optimization Animations; etc..." For more information see John W. Chinneck LINEAR PROGRAMMING: FOUNDATIONS AND EXTENSIONS - R.J. Vanderbei, Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science (SEAS), Princeton Universtiy Multimedia Linear Programming Textbook, Undergraduate Lectures, Graduate Lectures, Exercises, etc. (Text, Images & Applets). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Linear Programming Undergraduate Lectures include: "...The Simplex Method; Degeneracy; Efficiency; Duality; Self-Dual Simplex Method; Parametric Simplex Method; etc..." Linear Programming Graduate Lectures include: Sensitivity and Parametric Analysis; Convex Analysis; Network Flows-Theory; etc..." For more information see Robert J. Vanderbei's Home Page or the Department of Operations Research and Financial Engineering NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING (REAL PLAYER) - Robert Freund, Sloan School of Management, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Nonlinear Programming Course (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Nonlinear Programming Course "...introduces students to the fundamentals of nonlinear optimization theory and methods. Topics include unconstrained and constrained optimization, linear and quadratic programming, Lagrange and conic duality theory, interior-point algorithms and theory, Lagrangian relaxation, generalized programming..." Nonlinear Programming Video Lectures include: "...Newton's Method Video Lecture; Duality Theory Video Lecture; Semidefinite Optimization Video Lecture..." Nonlinear Programming Lectures include: "...Convex Unconstrained Optimization Optimality Condition; Newton's Method; Steepest Descent Method; Constrained Optimization Optimality Conditions; Projection Methods for Equality Constrained Problems; Penalty Methods; Interior-Point Methods for Linear Optimization; Analysis of Convex Sets; etc..." For more information see MIT OpenCourseWare: Sloan School of Management Courses; Sloan School of Management or the MIT OpenCourseWare OPTIMIZATION METHODS IN MANAGEMENT SCIENCE J.B. Orlin, Operations Research Center, Sloan School of Management, & the MIT OpenCourseWare, MIT Multimedia Optimization Methods in Management Science Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Optimization Methods in Management Science "...Introduces students to the theory, algorithms, and applications of optimization. Optimization methodologies include linear programming, network optimization, integer programming, decision trees, and dynamic programming. The methods have applications to logistics, manufacturing, transportation, marketing, project management, and finance..." For more information see the Operations Research Center; MIT OpenCourseWare: Sloan School of Management Courses; Sloan School of Management or the MIT OpenCourseWare OPERATIONS RESEARCH CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS LOGISTICS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS TUTOR: OPERATIONS RESEARCH - Department of Mathematics & Statistics, The University of Melbourne, Australia VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see World-Wide-Web for Operations Research and Management Science (WORMS) or the Department of Mathematics & Statistics Some examples from over "30" Operations Research Calculators include Matrix Inverse Engine: The Reluctant Inverter Calculator Linear Equations: The Mercyless Equator Calculator Simplex Machine Calculator Transitivity Calculator: Tranzy's Closure Plotty, the Lazy Plotter OPERATIONS RESEARCH AND OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT (JAVA APPLETS) - Operations Research Center, Massachussetts Institute of Technology; Faculty of Business Administration, Memorial University of Newfoundland and the Cambridge Modeling Corporation VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Operations Research & Operations Management Applet Categories include: "...Queuing and Networks; Forecasting; Inventory; Statistical Process Control..." For more information see the Interactive Learning Center or the Operations Research Center, MIT Some examples from over "14" Operations Research & Operations Management Applets include Queuing and Networks: Shortest Path Algorithms Calculator Forecasting: Forcasting Calculator Inventory: Quantity Discount EOQ Calculator Statistical Process Control: Mean & Range Chart Calculator OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT - Author: William J. Stevenson, Decision Sciences, College of Business, Rochester Institute of Technology, Published online by McGraw-Hill Higher Education Multimedia Operations Management Course (Text, Images, Simulations & Applets). Operations Management Applets include: "...Transportation Algorithm; Graphical Linear Programming and Sensitivity Analysis; EOQ Analysis; Waiting Line Simulation; Critical Path Method; Hungarian Algorithm; Pareto Charts; etc..." For more information see Operations Management: 2003 Media Edition, 7/e or McGraw-Hill Higher Education OPERATIONS RESEARCH & LOGISTICS ALGORITHMS CALCULATORS & APPLETS OPERATIONS RESEARCH & LOGISTICS ALGORITHMS (JAVA APPLETS) - P. Athanasios, D. Nikolaos, & P. Panagiiotis, Univercity Of Patras, Greece VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Papagelis Athanasios' Home Page Some examples from over "8" Operations Research & Logistics Applets include Kruskal Algorithm Applet Heuristic Algorithms Applet: Traveling Salesman Problem (T.S.P) Minimum Routes: Dijkstra Algorithm Applet Order Projects by Deadlines Precedence Applet REMOTE INTERACTIVE OPTIMIZATION TESTBED - D.S. Hochbaum, K. Goldberg & I. Adler, RIOT, Industrial Engineering & Operations Research, U.C. Berkeley VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Dorit S. Hochbaum's Home Page; Ken Goldberg's Home Page or Industrial Engineering & Operations Research Some examples from over "14" Operations Research Applets include Facilities Layout Applet/Application (FLAP) Facilities Layout Applet/Application (FLAP) is a "...testbed for various facilities layout heuristics..." Vehicle Routing Algorithms Vehicle Routing Algorithms is "...meant to illustrate some methods for solving the vehicle routing problem (VRP)..." P-MEDIAN CALCULATORS & APPLETS P-MEDIAN SOLVER (JAVA-APPLET) - P.M. Kaminsky, Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research (IEOR), U.C. Berkeley P-Median Solver "...the problem of locating P "facilities" relative to a set of "customers" such that the sum of the shortest demand weighted distance between "customers" and "facilities" is minimized..." For more information see P-Median Problem; Philip M. Kaminsky'S Home Page or the Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research (IEOR) SORTING CALCULATORS & APPLETS THE XSORTLAB APPLET - D. Eck, Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, N.Y. VERY EXTENSIVE. xSortLab Applet "...knows five different sorting methods. It has a visual sorting mode, where you can watch as sixteen bars are sorted into increasing order..." For more information see Labs & Applets for the Most Complex Machine or David J. Eck's Home Page TRAVELING SALESMAN CALCULATORS & APPLETS TRAVELING SALESMAN SOLVER (TSP) (JAVA APPLET) - T. Pederson, Department of Computing Science, Umeå University, Sweden VERY EXTENSIVE. Traveling Salesman Calculator "...is a classical graph-theoretical problem..." For more information see GATTS Information or Thomas Pederson's Home Page

Parametric Equations & Curves PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS PARAMETRIC CURVES CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS PARAMETRIC CURVE PLOTTER APPLET - P. Kirby VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Vector Land or Paul Kirby's Home Page PARMETRIC EQUATIONS - Asian Technology Conference in Mathematics (ATCM) For more information see Calculus; Manipula Math with Java or Math Education and Technology PARAMETRIC FUNCTION GRAPH - Asian Technology Conference in Mathematics (ATCM) For more information see Calculus; Manipula Math with Java or Math Education and Technology PARAMETRIC SPLINE CURVES - D. Gillies, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, U.K. VERY EXTENSIVE. Parametric Spline Curves "...Curves and surfaces can have explicit, implicit, and parametric representations. Parametric representations are the most common in computer graphics..." For more information see Spline Curves and Surfaces; Duncan Gillies' Home Page or the Department of Computing THE PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS APPLET: GRAPHING PARAMETRIC CURVES - R. Miech, Number Theory and Combinatorics, Department of Mathematics, UCLA Parametric Equations Applet "... allows you to graph 2-dimensional parametric curves..." For more information see Java Applets; Ronald Miech's Applets Home Page or the Department of Mathematics Pendulums PENDULUM CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS THE PENDULUM LAB - Franz-Josef Elmer, Condensed Matter, Department of Physics, Institut für Physik, Universität Basel (University of Basel), Switzerland Multimedia Pendulum Lectures & Teaching Modules (Text, Images, Applets & Calculators). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Pendulum Lectures include: The Equations of Motion "...The equation of motion of an undamped and undriven pendulum; The equations of motion of damped and driven pendula; The linearized equations of motion..." Oscillations and Resonances "...The harmonic oscillator; Nonlinear oscillations; Nonlinear resonance; Parametric resonance..." Nonlinear Dynamics "...Stability and bifurcation; The nature of deterministic chaos ..." For more information see Home Page of Franz-Josef Elmer or Condensed Matter Physics Examples of Pendulum Calculators & Applets include The Undamped and Undriven Pendulum Applet The Vertically Driven Pendulum Applet PENDULUM DYNAMICS - Håvard Holm, Norway Multimedia Pendulum Teaching Modules, Pendulum Applets & Pendulum Calculators (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Pendulum Applets include: "...Undamped and Undriven Pendulum Applet; Pendulum Driven by a Sinusoidal Force Applet; Horizontally Driven Pendulum Applet; Vertically Driven Pendulum Applet; Pendulum with a Rotating Suspension Point Applet..." For more information see Marine Sturctures or Marine Technology 3 DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM PENDULUM (JAVA APPLET) - E. Kudriavitski VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Evgeni Kudriavitski's Home Page PENDULUM (JAVA APPLET) - J.J. Brecht, Department of Physics & Astronomy, Michigan State University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Physics Applets or Projects THE PIT AND THE PENDULUM: CALCULATOR - The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. Pendulum Calculator explores "...the differences between a simple pendulum and a physical pendulum, and the effects of the "small angle approximation"..." For more information see The Pit and the Pendulum or The Shodor Education Foundation, Inc. CHAOTIC PENDULUM CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS CHAOTIC PENDULUM IN PHASE SPACE CALCULATORS & APPLETS A CHAOTIC PENDULUM IN PHASE SPACE (JAVA APPLETS) - Author: H. Kowallik; Landau Research Group, Department of Physics, Oregon State University Multimedia Physics Teaching Modules, Physics Applets & Physics Calculators (Text, Images, Animations & Simulations). VERY EXTENSIVE. A Pendulum "...is displaced from the vertical by an angle theta, and moves through a viscous medium with frictional coefficient beta. An external, periodic torque is also applied to the pendulum. Although simple, this system displays chaotic behavior..." Pendulum Applets include: "...Complicated Behavior Applet; Comparison of Two Chaotic Pendula Applet..." For more information see Computational Physics; Rubin H. Landau's Home Page or the Department of Physics FINITE DIMENSIONAL MECHANICAL SYSTEMS CALCULATORS & APPLETS LAGRANGE JAVA APPLETS - P. Selinger, Department of Mathematics & Statistics, Dalhousie University VERY EXTENSIVE. Lagrange Calculator "...simulates finite dimensional mechanical systems...Here, you see a double pendulum with respective masses..." Other Pendulum Calculators & Applets include: "...Double Pendulum Applet; Double Spring Applet Spring Pendulum Applet..." For more information see Software; Research or Peter Selinger's Home Page

Poisson POISSON CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS POISSON DISTRIBUTION CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS FOR RELATED POISSON CALCULATORS & APPLETS SEE STATISTICS CALCULATOR CENTER POISSON PROCESS - K. Siegrist & J. York, Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alabama Multimedia Poisson Teaching Modules & Calculators (Text & Applets). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. The Poisson process "...is one of the most important random processes in probability theory. It is widely used to model random "points" in time and space, such as the times of radioactive emissions, the arrival times of customers at a service center, and the positions of flaws in a piece of material..." Poisson Teaching Modules include: "...The Exponential Distribution; The Gamma Distribution; The Poisson Distribution; Splitting a Poisson Process; Bernoulli Trials and the Poisson Process; Higher Dimensional Poisson Processes..." Poisson Calculators include: "...Gamma Experiment Calculator; Poisson Experiment Calculator; Two-Type Poisson Experiment Calculator; Two-Dimensional Poisson Process Calculator..." For more information see the Virtual Laboratories in Probability and Statistics; Kyle Siegrist's Home Page or the Department of Mathematical Sciences POISSON CALCULATORS (JAVA APPLETS) - R.W. West, Department of Statistics, Texas A&M University VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Applets for the Cybergnostics project; R. Webster West's Home Page or the Department of Statistics THE POISSON DISTRIBUTION (JAVA APPLET) - C. Stanton, Department of Mathematics, California State University, San Bernardino (CSUSB) The Poisson Distribution "...is a discrete distribution which takes on the values X = 0, 1, 2, 3,... . It is often used as a model for the number of events (such as the number of telephone calls at a business or the number of accidents at an intersection) in a specific time period..." For more information see Java Demonstrations for Probability & Statistics; Charles Stanton's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics THE POISSON CALCULATOR - The Poisson Pit, C. Anesi Poisson Calculator "...The Poisson distribution is usually employed for modeling systems where the probability of an event occurring is very low, but the number of opportunities for such occurrence is very high..." For more information see The Anesi Web Site Prime Numbers PRIME NUMBER TEACHING MODULES WITH CALCULATORS & APPLETS THE PRIME PAGES - C. Caldwell, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Tennessee, Martin, Tennessee VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see Chris Caldwell's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics and Statistics PRIME NUMBER CALCULATORS & APPLETS FACTORIZATION USING THE ELLIPTIC CURVE METHOD - D.A. Alpern, Buenos Aires, Argentina VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Factorization using the Elliptic Curve Method Calculaor "...can be used to find 20- or 30-digit factors of numbers or numerical expressions up to 1000 digits long. It also computes the number and sum of divisors, Euler's totient and Moebius, and its decomposition as a sum of up to 4 perfect squares..." For more information see Calculators or Darío A. Alpern's Home Page PRIME CURIOS!: A PRIMALITY TEST - CALCULATOR - C. Caldwell, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Tennessee, Martin, Tennessee VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Prime Curios "...Do you have an integer you would like to test for primality?... " For more information see Chris Caldwell's 'The Prime Numbers' or the Department of Mathematics and Statistics PRIME NUMBERS, MERSENNE PRIMES, PERFECT NUMBERS, ETC. - L.C. Noll VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. For more information see Landon Curt Noll's Home Page or isthe.com PRIME NUMBERS - FACTORIS (ENGLISH) OR FACTORIS (FRANÇAIS) - Xiao Gang, Laboratoire J.-A. Dieudonné, Université de Nice, Nice, France English & Français. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Prime Numbers Calculator "...factors a formula into its irreducible or prime components... Such a formula may be an integer, a rational number, a polynomial of one variable x, or a rational function (with integer coefficients)..." For more information see WIMS PRIME NUMBER CALCULATOR - A. Schulman, Santa Rosa, CA VERY EXTENSIVE. Prime Number Calculator "...This is a very simple prime-number calculator, based on a Java applet. "View Source" to see how HTML and JavaScript interact with the Java applet..." For more information see Andrew Schulman's Home Page PRIME NUMBER GENERATOR (JAVA APPLET) - M. Chamness VERY EXTENSIVE. Prime Number Calculator "...quickly generates a long list of prime numbers..." For more information see Mark Chamness's Home Page THE PRIME MACHINE CALCULATOR (JAVA APPLET) - P. Alfeld, Department of Mathematics, University of Utah VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Prime Machine Calculator "...finds prime numbers using the Sieve of Eratosthenes and lets you study and explore those prime numbers..." For more information see Java Page or Peter Alfeld 's Home Page THE Nth PRIME PAGE (JAVA APPLET) - Author: A. Booker, and hosted by Chris Caldwell's 'The Prime Pages' VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. The Nth Prime Page Calculator "...Enter a value for n, from 1 to 1012, inclusive. The server will return the nth prime number..." Also includes: "...Pi function Calculator & Choose a Random prime..." For more information see The Prime Pages

Quantitative Finance - Advanced Mathematical Finance RELATED CENTERS FOR MORE ADVANCED MATHEMATICAL FINANCE, BUSINESS, MANAGEMENT, CORPORATE FINANCE, ETC. COURSES, CALCULATORS, SPREADSHEETS, ETC. SEE THE BUSINESS & MANAGEMENT CALCULATOR CENTER QUANTITATIVE FINANCE COURSES FINANCIAL ENGINEERING: DISCRETE-TIME ASSET PRICING (SPREADSHEETS OPEN ONLINE WITH EXCEL, iWORK-NUMBERS, IBM LOTUS SYMPHONY, NEOOFFICE, OPENOFFICE CALC, ETC.) - M. Haugh, Department of Industrial Engineering & Operations Research, Columbia University Multimedia Financial Engineering: Discrete-Time Asset Pricing Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Financial Engineering: Discrete-Time Asset Pricing Course "...In this course we will focus on discrete-time models. The advantage of discrete time models is that less sophisticated mathematics are required to study them. On the other hand, while continuous-time models require more sophisticated mathematics, they often lead to explicit solutions to problems..." Financial Engineering: Discrete-Time Asset Pricing Chapters include: "...Deterministic Cash Flows; Forwards, Swaps and Futures; Martingale Pricing Theory (MPT); MPT Applied to Options, Forwards and Futures; MPT Applied to Dynamic Portfolio Optimization and Real Options..." Discrete-Time Asset Pricing Spreadsheets include: "...Duration Convexity Calcuator; Futures Calcuator; Equity Options Calcuator..." For more information see Martin Haugh's Home Page or the Department of Industrial Engineering & Operations Research TERM STRUCTURE MODEL (SPREADSHEETS OPEN ONLINE WITH EXCEL, iWORK-NUMBERS, IBM LOTUS SYMPHONY, NEOOFFICE, OPENOFFICE CALC, ETC.) - M. Haugh, Department of Industrial Engineering & Operations Research, Columbia University Multimedia Term Structure Model Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Term Structure Model Chapters include: "...Lattice Models; Stochastic Calculus; Short-Rate Models; Monte Carlo Methods for Short-Rate Models; Heath-Jarrow-Morton Models; Market Models..." Term Structure Model Spreadsheets include: "...Term Structure Lattices Calculator..." For more information see Martin Haugh's Home Page or the Department of Industrial Engineering & Operations Research QUANTITATIVE FINANCE TEACHING MODULES WILOTTWIKI QUANTITATIVE FINANCE - Wilmott Multimedia Quantitative Finance Teaching Modules (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. WilmottWiki Quantitative Finance "...repository of both received wisdom and cutting-edge research! (Or at least that is what we are aiming for!) This wiki is an ongoing project in which we hope the quant community will contribute so as to establish a convenient and free source of definitions, concepts, model specifications, and original research..." WilmottWiki Quantitative Finance Subject Categories include "...All Articles; Categories; Wanted Pages; Special Pages; etc..." For more information see Wilmott DERIVATIVES - Wikipedia Multimedia Derivatives Teaching Modules (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of Derivatives Teaching Modules include "...Backwardation; Basis swap; Basis trading; Bear call spread; Bear put spread; Bear spread; Cashflow matching; Constant maturity swap; Credit default swap; Credit derivative; Credit spread warrant; Equity swap; Exchange-traded fund; Foreign exchange option; Forex swap; Forward price; interest rate future; Interest rate swap; etc..." For more information see Wikipedia OPTIONS - Wikipedia Multimedia Options Teaching Modules (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of Options Teaching Modules include "...Bear call spread; Binary option; Bond option; Call option; Cliquet; Covered call; Exotic option; Naked call; Naked put; Straddle; Strike price; etc..." For more information see Wikipedia QUANT EQUATIONS - Sitmo VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Quantitative Financial Equations Categories include "...Binomial and Trinomial Trees Equations; General Mathematics Equations; Geometric Brownian Motion Equations; Monte Carlo Equations; Numerical Differentiation Equations; Numerical Integration Equations; Option Definitions, Payoff Functions Equations; Option Pricing Models Equations; Option Relations, Parity and Symmetry Equations; Probability Distributions Equations; Stochastic Methods Equations; Stochastic Processes Equations; Volatility Equations; For more information see Sitmo QUANTITATIVE FINANCE CALCULATORS, APPLETS & SPREADSHEETS (XLS) ASX CALCULATORS & TOOLS - Australian Securities Exchange VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. ASX Calculators & Tools "...The values produced by applying the calculators to different products may differ from the current price of those products, due to market conditions. Where an interest rate is specified, the overnight cash rate is used. Inflation expectations are built into this rate..." Examples from over "20" Calculators & Tools include Options Calculators "...Options Profiler Calculator; Covered Call Calculator; Margin Estimator Calculator; etc..." SFE Calculators "...SFE Futures and Options Calculator; 90 Day Bank Bill Strip Calculator; 30 Day Interbank Cash Rate Strip Calculator..." Bond Calculators; Warrants Calculator; etc. For more information see Australian Securities Exchange EXOTIC OPTION CALCULATORS - Sitmo VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "35" Exotic Option Calculators include: "...Vanilla Option Calculator; Asian, Fixed Strike Option Calculator; Asian, Floating Strike Option Calculator; ; Barrier Option Calculator; Barrier, Double Option Calculator; Binary, Asset-or-Nothing Option Calculator; Binary, Cash-or-Nothing Option Calculator; Binary, Gap Option Calculator; Chooser, Simple Option Calculator; Compound Option Calculator; Correlation Option Calculator; Exchange Option Calculator Extendible, Holder Option Calculator; Extendible, Writer Option Calculator; Forward Start Option Calculator; Power Option Calculator; Product Option Calculator; Quanto Option Calculator; Rainbow Option Calculator; Range Option Calculator; etc..." For more information see Sitmo FINANCIAL DERIVATIVES WITH WEBUNRISK - Wolfram Research Inc. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Financial Derivatives with webUnRisk Calculator "...you can calculate valuations of constant-maturity floaters under a generalized Hull-White stochastic interest rate model, choosing your data and parameters. This site serves as a simple example of two unique technologies: the UnRisk pricing engine and the webMathematica server computation system..." For more information see webMathematica; webMathematica: The Way The Web Calculates or Wolfram Research Inc. FOREX CALCULATORS - Oz Forex Foreign Exchange, Australia VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. FOREX Calculators include: Fx Currency Option Pricing Calculator INPUT Values include "...Ccy One; Ccy Two; Spike; Spot; Fwd; Volatility; Principal; Start Date; etc... Historical Rate Roll Calculator (Historical Rate Extensions Calculator - HRE) "...HRRs (Historic Rate Rolls) or HREs (Historical Rate Extensions) are the same thing. If a corporate has a forward contract where the rate on the deal is not at the current market and wants to extend that deal the normal procedure is..." Contract Predelivery Calculator (Pre-Delivery Calculator) "...For pre-delivering FX deals to a date nearer than the current settlement date of the deal. Almost the opposite to an HRE. Again a pre-deilvery is based on the historical rate as opposed to the market rate..." For more information see Oz Forex Foreign Exchange GLOBAL DERIVATIVES SPREADSHEETS (SPREADSHEETS OPEN ONLINE WITH EXCEL, iWORK-NUMBERS, IBM LOTUS SYMPHONY, NEOOFFICE, OPENOFFICE CALC, ETC.) - Global Options VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "60" Derivatives Calculators include Vanilla Options Calculators "...Black-Scholes-Merton Option Calculator; Binomial Method Option Calculator (Reiner-Leisen); Binomial Method Option Calculator (Cox-Ross-Rubinstein); Jump Diffusion Option Calculator (Merton); Hopscotch Method Option Calculator (Averaging Implicit & Explicit Finite Differences); Roll, Geske, Whaley Option Calculator (Single Dividend); Ju-Zhong Approximation Option Calculator; Exotic Options Calculators "...Geometric Closed Form Option Calculator (Kemna & Vorst); Barrier Option Calculator; Ballon Option Calculator; Cliquet Option Calculator; Double Barrier Option Calculator; Extreme Spread Calculator; Rainbow Option Calculator; Spread Option Calculator; etc..." Currency Derivatives Option Calculators Caplets & Floorlets Option Calculator Equity Linked Forex Option Calculator Quanto Option Calculator Bond Derivatives Option Calculators; Credit Derivatives Option Calculators; etc. For more information see Global Derivatives HOADLEY'S ON-LINE OPTIONS PRICING ANALYSIS CALCULATORS - P. Hoadley VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "10" Options Pricing & Probability Calculators include: "...Employee Stock Option (ESO) Valuation Calculator; Black-Scholes Pricing Analysis Option Calculator Trinomial Tree Graphical Option Calculator; Barrier Option Calculator Using Trinomial Lattice Calculator Black-Scholes/Binomial Convergence Analysis Option Calculator Dividend Impact Analysis & American & European Option Pricing Comparison Calculator; Stock Price lognormal Distribution Analysis Calculator; Stock Price Probability Calculator..." Hoadley Derivatives Add-in for Excel "...lets you put together spreadsheets & build spreadsheet applications which require the calculation of option prices, hedge parameters ("Greeks"), implied volatility, historical volatility, underlying asset probabilities, trading profitability, futures pricing, identification of optimal early exercise points,..." For more information see Peter Hoadley Some examples of Options Pricing & Probability Calculators include Cox, Ross & Rubinstein: Binomial Tree Option Calculator Cox, Ross & Rubinstein: Binomial Tree Option Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Strike price; Underlying Asset Price; Volatility; Interest rate; Days to Expiration; Dividend; etc..." Trinomial Tree Option Calculator Trinomial Tree Option Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Strike price; Underlying Asset Price; Volatility; Interest rate; Days to Expiration; Dividend; etc..." Black-Scholes/Binomial Convergence Analysis Black-Scholes/Binomial Convergence Analysis Calculator INPUT Values include: "...Strike price; Stock Price; Volatility; Interest rate; Days to Expiration; Option Type; etc..." OPTION CALCULATORS - W. Hu, Department of Mathematics, Florida State University VERY EXTENSIVE. Option Calculators include: "...Vanilla Option Calculator; Asian Option Calculator; Geometric Option Calculator; Lookback Option Calculator; Barrier Option Calculator..." Pricing Algroithms options include "...Binomial or Trinomial..." For more information see Web Option Calculator or Wenbo Hu's Home Page OPTIONS CALCULATORS - International Securities Exchange (ISE) VERY EXTENSIVE. Options Calculators include: Basic Options Calculation Wizard "...walks newcomers through the process of setting the variables that affect the price of an option..." Advanced Options Calculator "...provides users with variables that affect the price of an option. This version of the calculator has an additional feature that allows users to calculate theoretical options prices and risk parameters..." For more information see the International Securities Exchange (ISE) OPTIONS CALCULATOR & COVERED CALL CALCULATOR - Montréal Exchanges, Canada VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Trading Tools include "...Options Calculator; Covered Call Calculator..." For more information see the Montréal Exchanges OPTIONS CALCULATOR & COVERED CALL CALCULATOR - The Options Industry Council VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. 888options "...offers free 20 minute delayed quotes which include Stocks, Options with Indexes, LEAPS, and Historical Volatility information..." 888options Basic Options Calculator "...powered by IVolatility.com, provides fair values and Greeks of any option using our volatility data and previous trading day prices. You may customize all the input parameters (option style, price of the underlying instrument, strike, expiration, implied volatility, interest rate and dividends data) or enter a stock or options symbol and the database will populate all those fields for you!..." Covered Call Calculator "...20 minute delayed options quotes are provided by IVolatility, and NOT BY OCC. OCC makes no representation as to the timeliness, accuracy or validity of the information and this information should not be construed as a recommendation to purchase or sell a security,..." For more information see The Options Industry Council PRICING MODELS: MONETARY AND EQUITY DERIVATIVES - D. Webb, Development Team, Montego Data Limited, U.K. VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "20" Monetary and Equity Derivatives Calculators include "...Black-Scholes Option Calculator; Black's Option Calculator; Garman Kohlhagen Option Calculator; Binomial Option Calculator; Asset Option Calculator; Barrier Option Calculator; LookBack Option Calculator; Whalery Option Calculator; Implied Volatility Option Calculator; FX Forward Option Calculator; Convertible Bond Option Calculator; etc..." ROBERT'S ONLINE DERIVATIVES PRICER - R. Lum, Intrepid Technology Inc. VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Examples from over "16" Derivatives Pricer Calculators include: Digital Options Calculators "...Asset or Nothing Call Calculator; Asset or Nothing Put Calculator; Cash or Nothing Call Calculator; etc..." Knock-In Options Calculators Asset Knock-in Call Calculator; Asset Knock-in Put Calculator; Cash Knock-in Put Calculator; etc..." Knock-Out Options Calculators Asset Knock-out Call Calculator; Asset Knock-out Put Calculator; Knock-out Call Calculator; etc..." For more information see Robert's Online Pricers!

Random Numbers RANDOM NUMER CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS HOTBITS: GENUINE RANDOM NUMBERS, GENERATED BY RADIOACTIVE DECAY - J. Walker, Fourmilab, Switzerland VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Random Numbers "...an Internet resource that brings genuine random numbers, generated by a process fundamentally governed by the inherent uncertainty in the quantum mechanical laws of nature, directly to your computer in a variety of forms. HotBits are generated by timing successive pairs of radioactive decays detected by a Geiger-Müller tube interfaced to a computer..." For more information see Fourmilab LAVARND - Co-inventors: L.C. Noll & S. Cooper; Editor & Adviser: M. Pleasant VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. LEVARND "...a cryptographically sound random number generator. At its heart, it uses a chaotic source to power the generation of very high quality random numbers..." For more information see Landon Curt Noll's Home Page RANDOM NUMBER (RANDOM INTEGERS) GENERATOR - M. Haahr, Distributed Systems Group, Department of Computer Science, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Random Numbers - Random Integers "...This form allows you to generate random integers. The randomness comes from atmospheric noise, which for many purposes is better than the pseudo-random number algorithms typically used in computer programs..." For more information see Mads Haahr's Home Page or the Random.org Examples of other Random Number Generators include Random Sequence Generator Random Byte Generator ("...Hexadecimal; Decimal; Octal; Binary...") RANDOM NUMER GENERATOR (JAVA APPLET) - P. Alfeld, Department of Mathematics, University of Utah VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Random Number Generator "...describes how (most) random number generators work and most importantly it lets you design and test your own random number generator..." For more information see Java Page or Peter Alfeld 's Home Page RANDOM NUMBERS GENERATOR (JAVA APPLET) - Author: J. Beaver & Hosted by K. Pruhs, Department of Computer Science, University of Pittsburgh VERY EXTENSIVE. Random Numbers Generator "...demonstrates random number generation with the Linear Congruential Method..." For more information see Applets; Applet Demonstration; CS 1501; Kirk Pruhs's Home Page or the Department of Computer Science Real Analysis REAL ANALYSIS COURSES & TEXTBOOKS INTERACTIVE REAL ANALYSIS & JAVA TOOLS (JAVA APPLETS) - B.G. Wachsmuth, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Seaton Hall University Multimedia Real Analysis Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Interactive Real Analysis is "...an online, interactive textbook for Real Analysis or Advanced Calculus in one real variable. It deals with sets, sequences, series, continuity, differentiability, integrability (Riemann and Lebesgue), topology, power series, and more..." Real Analysis Chapters include: ...Sets & Relations; Infinity and Induction; Sequences of Numbers; Series of Numbers; Topology; Continuity and Differentiation; The Intergral; Sequences of Functions; Metric Spaces..." For more information see Bert Wachsmuth's Web Wonders; Mathematics and Computer Science or Seaton Hall University Examples of Real Analysis Calculators include Sequencer Calculator Sequencer Calculator "...Lets you draw the elements of a sequence and determine graphically whether it converges..." Continuity Checker Calculator Continuity Checker Calculator "...investigates whether a given function is continuous at a point or uniformly continuous..." ADVANCED REAL ANALYSIS - C.T. McMullen, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Havard University Multimedia Advanced Real Analysis Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Advanced Real Analysis Course Notes Chapters include: "...Convexity and Locally Convex Topological Vector Spaces; Distributions; Fourier Transforms; Elliptic Equations; The Prime Number Theorem; Banach Algebras; Operator Algebras and the Spectral Theorem; Ergodic Theory..." For more information see Advanced Real Analysis Home Page; C.T. McMullen's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics Real Numbers REAL NUMBERS CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS CONSTRUCTIVE REALS CALCULATORS & APPLETS CONSTRUCTIVE REALS CALCULATOR: IMPLEMENTS CONSTRUCTIVE REAL ARITHMETIC (JAVA APPLET) - Hans-J. Boehm, HP Labs, Hewlett-Packard Company VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Constructive Reals Calculator "...operates on constructive real numbers. Numbers are represented exactly internally to the calculator, and then evaluated on demand to guarantee an error in the displayed result that is strictly less than one in the least significant displayed digit..." For more information see About Constructive Real Numbers (aka Recursive or Computable reals); Hans-J. Boehm's Home Page or HP Labs INVERSE SYMBOLIC CALCULATORS & APPLETS INVERSE SYMBOLIC CALCULATOR - FROM NUMBERS BACK TO EQUATIONS - Centre for Experimental & Constructive Mathematics, Simon Fraser University, British, Columbia, Canada Multimedia (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Inverse Symbolic Calculator includes: "...Simple Lookup and Browser for any number; Smart Lookup for any number; Generalized Expansions for real numbers of at least 16 digits; Integer Relation Algorithms for any number..." For more information see Inverse Symbolic Calculator Home Page; Research; CECM, Department of Mathematics and Statistics or the Simon Fraser University

Sandpiles & Singing Dunes: the Motion of Sand Grains SANDPILE CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS BTW SANDPILE MODEL CALCULATORS & APPLETS BAK-TANG-WIESENFELD (BTW) SANDPILE MODEL (JAVA APPLET) - S. Maslov & A. Zheludev, Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) VERY EXTENSIVE. BTW Sandpile Calculator - Sandpile Applet "...simulates the dynamics of the BTW sandpile model..." For more information see Applets or the Condensed Matter Theory Group CELLULAR AUTOMATA SAND PILE MODEL CALCULATORS & APPLETS CELLULAR AUTOMATA SAND PILE MODEL (JAVA APPLET) - A. Schueller, Department of Mathematics, Whitman College Cellular Automata Sand Pile Model - Sandpile Calculator - Sandpile Applet "...chance to play with sand without getting your hands dirty. The black pipe at the top center is a source of sand grains. The black line at the bottom is the ground..." For more information see My Java Applets or Albert Schueller's Home Page SINGING DUNES: THE MOTION OF SAND GRAINS THE SONG OF THE DUNES AS A SELF-ORGANISED (SELF-SYNCHRONIZED) INSTRUMENT - S. Douady, et.al., Laboratoire de physique statistique, Départment de physique, ENS, Paris, France Multimedia (Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. The Song of the Dunes as a Self-Organized Instrument "...By comparing several singing dunes and two controlled experiments, one in the laboratory and one in the field, we here demonstrate that the frequency of the sound is the frequency of the relative motion of the sand grains. The sound is produced because some moving grains synchronize their motions..." For more information see Stéphane Douady's Home Page or the Laboratoire de physique statistique Soap Film & Bubbles SOAP FILM CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS SOAP FILM INTERFERENCE THICKNESS CALCULATORS & APPLETS SOAP FILM INTERFERENCE THICKNESS CALCULATOR - C.R. Nave, Department of Physics & Astronomy, College of Arts & Sciences, Georgia State University VERY EXTENSIVE. Soap Film Interferenct Thickness Calculator "...The interference colors from a soap film can be related to the thickness of the film by using the interference condition and noting that there is a 180 degree phase change upon reflection..." For more information see Thin Films; Interference Concepts; Light & Vision; HyperPhysics; Carl Rod Nave's Home Page; Department of Physics & Astronomy or Georgia State University SOAP FILM CALCULATORS & APPLETS DEFORMATION RETRACT SOAP FILM CALCULATORS & APPLETS J.F. ADAMS' DEFORMATION RETRACT (JAVA APPLET) - Author: K.A. Brakke, Department of Mathematics, Susquehanna University & EG-Models, Germany Deformation Retract Soap Film Calculator "...can help visualize the homotopy. It starts with one of the flat disks, the left, say, retracted horizontally along the midplane to the wire, stretching the film behind..." For more information see Deformation Retract Soap Film; EG-Models or Ken Brakke's Home Page SOAP FILM CALCULATORS & APPLETS SOAP FILM CONES CALCULATORS & APPLETS SOAP FILM CONES - K. Brakke, Department of Mathematics, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA Soap Film Cones "...If one magnifies a point of a soap film, one gets a tangent cone. Recall that a cone is composed of rays..." For more information see Ken Brakke's Home Page SOAP FILM CALCULATORS & APPLETS SOAP FILMS ON KNOTS CALCULATORS & APPLETS SOAP FILMS ON KNOTS - K. Brakke, Department of Mathematics, Susquehanna University, Selinsgrove, PA Soap Films on Knots "...Knotted wires support many interesting soap films. It has recently been proved that every knotted wire supports a soap film that does not touch the entire wire..." For more information see Ken Brakke's Home Page Spirograph SPIROGRAPH CALCULATORS & APPLETS SPIROGRAPH (PARAMETRIC EQUATIONS) APPLET - D. Little, Department of Mathematics, Eberly College of Science, Pennsylvania State University VERY EXTENSIVE. Spirograph Applet "...allows you to create all the SpiroGraphs your heart desires by varying the values of R, r and p, as well as..." For more information see Parametric Equations; Java Index; David Little's Home Page or the Department of Mathematics A SPIROGRAPH APPLET - R.F. Rossa, Department of Computer Science & Mathematics, Arkansas State University For more information see Mathematics Topics: Calculators & Tutorials or the Department of Computer Science and Mathematics Splines, Spline Curves & Spline Surfaces SPLINES CALCULATORS, APPLETS, ANIMATIONS & SIMULATIONS SPLINE CURVES CALCULATORS & APPLETS - ALL INCLUSIVE SPLINE SURFACES CALCULATORS & APPLETS - ALL INCLUSIVE CUBIC SPLINE INTERPOLATION UTILITY - AKiTi.ca, David Binner, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada VERY EXTENSIVE. Cubic Spline Interpolation Utility "...is based on the sub-programs PCHEV and PCHEZ written by David K. Kahaner. These are top-level programs that control several sub-routines from the SLATEC collection..." For more information see Math Functions: Miscellaneous Mathematical Utilities or AKiTi SPLINES: AN INTERACTIVE INTRODUCTION TO SPLINES (JAVA APPLETS) - E. Demidov, Department of Semiconductor Physics, Institute for Physics of Microstructures (IPM), Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS), Russia VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. In English & Russian. For more information see E-notes; Evgeny Demidov's Home Page or the Institute for Physics of Microstructures Some examples from over "30" Spline Curves Applets & 3D Spline Surface Applets include Interpolating Cardinal and Catmull-Rom splines B-splines: Building cubic B-spline B-splines: Nonuniform B-splines Bézier spline curves Tensor product spline surfaces SPLINE CURVES AND SURFACES (JAVA APPLETS) - D. Gillies, Department of Computing, Imperial College London, U.K. Multimedia Spline Curves & Spline Surfaces Teaching Modules (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Duncan Gillies' Home Page or the Department of Computing Some examples from over "7" Spline Curves and Surfaces Applets include Explicit Spline Curves Calculators Explicit Spline Curves Calculators include: "...Cubic Curve Calculator; Quadratic Curve Calculator..." B-Spline Curves Calculators B-Spline Curves Calculators include: "...Approximate Gaussian Curve Calculator; Free B-Spline Calculator; B-Spline with Clamped Ends Calculator..." Bézier Surfaces CURVES (JAVA APPLETS) - Abteilung Geometrische Datenverarbeitung, Universität Karlsruhe (TH), Germany, (Geometric Design Group, University of Karlsruhe) VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Curve Applets include: "...B-Splines Applet; Spline Curves Applet; De Boor's Applet; Spline Division Applet; B-Spline Rendering Applet; etc..." For more information see CAGD-Applets: An Interactive Tutorials on Geometric Modeling; CAGD-Applets Home Page or the Abteilung Geometrische Datenverarbeitung (Geometric Design Group)

Statistical Mechanics STATISTICAL MECHANICS COURSES, LECTURES & TEXTBOOKS Statistical Mechanics Textbooks STATISTICAL MECHANICS: ENTROPY, ORDER PARAMETERS, AND COMPLEXITY (PDF) - James P. Sethna, Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Cornell University & Published by Claredon Press, Oxford, 2008 Multimedia Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity Textbook - 371 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity "...This text is careful to address the interests and back ground not only of physicists, but of sophisticated students and researchers in mathematics, biology, engineering, computer science, and the social sciences...." Examples of "Statistical Mechanics: Entropy, Order Parameters, and Complexity" Textbook Chapters include "...What is statistical mechanics?; Temperature and equilibrium; Entropy; Free energies; Quantum statistical mechanics; Order parameters, broken symmetry, and topology; Abrupt phase transitions; etc..." For more information see James P. Sethna's Home Page; Laboratory of Atomic and Solid State Physicsor the Department of Physics Statistical Mechanics Courses & Lectures STATISTICAL MECHANICS - Mark E. Tuckerman, Department of Chemistry and the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, New York University Multimedia Statistical Mechanics Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Statistical Mechanics "...provies the connection between microscopic motion of individual atoms of matter and macroscopically observable properties such as temperature, pressure, entropy, free energy, heat capacity, chemical potential, viscosity, spectra, reaction rates, etc..." Examples from over "27" Statistical Mechanics Lectures include "...Classical microstates, Newtonian, Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics, ensemble concept; Liouville's Theorem, non-Hamiltonian systems, the microcanonical ensemble; Estimators, energy fluctuations, the isothermal-isobaric ensemble; Structure and distribution functions in classical liquids and gases; Distribution functions and perturbation theory; Basic principles of quantum statistical mechanics; The generalized Langevin equation and vibrational dephasing; etc..." For more information see Mark E. Tuckerman's Home Page; Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences or the Department of Chemistry STATISTICAL MECHANICS - G. Refael, Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, The Division of Physics, Mathematics and Astronomy, California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Multimedia Statistical Mechanics Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of "Statistical Mechanics" Course Lectures include "...Microcanonical ensemble, free spins, laws of thermodynamics, negative temperature; Canonical ensemble, Boltzmann factor, partition function, von Neumann entropy; Ergodic principle, fluctuation and heat capacity, free energy and its derivatives; Ideal gases; Chemical potential, grand cannonical ensemble; Ideal gas in the grand-canonical ensemble, thermodynamic potentials; Gibbs-Duhem relation, partial derivatives; Thermodynamics of magnetic systems; Quantum Statistical Mechanics; Quantum gases and Fermions; Bose-Einstein conensation and the dilute Bose gas; First-order (specifically, the liquid-gas) phase transitions; etc..." For more information see Gil Refael's Home Page or the Condensed Matter Physics STATISTICAL MECHANICS II (PHYSIS 212) - J. Moore, Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, & the Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Multimedia Statistical Mechanics II Course - PDF (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Example from over "20" Statistical Mechanics Lectures include Collisional equilibria. Liouville's theorem for Hamiltonian systems; BBGKY hierarchy of evolution equations for n-particle distribution functions; Hydrodynamics; Correlation functions. Intro to rescaling; Landau theory. Ginzburg criterion. Critical exponents. Scaling hypothesis; Scaling hypothesis and rescaling transformations; Blume-Capel model: using RG to guess phase diagrams. 2D Ising self-duality; Gaussian model; etc..." For more information see More Group or the Department of Physics Sudoku SUDOKU CALCULATORS & APPLETS SUDOKU ASSISTANT - Andrew Stuart, Sudoku Online: Home of the Sudokulist, U.K. Multimedia Sudoku Solver (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Sudoku Online: Home of the Sudokulist SUDOKU SOLVER - Department of Computer Science, Daimi, Faculty of Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark Multimedia Sudoku Solver (Text & Images). VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Martin Sponholtz's Home Page or the Department of Computer Science, Daimi SUDOKU SOLVER - Andrew Stuart Multimedia Sudoku Solver (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. For more information see Basic Sudoku Strategies SUDOKU HINTS - SOLVER AND ONLINE PUZZLES - David J. Nixon Multimedia Sudoku Solver (Text & Images). VERY VERY EXTENSIVE. Sudoku Hints "...Sudoku puzzles also known as Su Doku or Number Place are easy to learn, but not necessarily easy to solve..." SUDOKU SOLVER BY LOGIC - sudokusolver.co.uk Multimedia Sudoku Solver (Text & Images). VERY EXTENSIVE. Sudoku Solver by Logic "...We've developed this Sudoku Solver to try and solve Sudokus by logic only, and giving an explanation of how the answer was reached..." Symbolic & Inverse Symbolic SYMBOLIC CALCULATORS & APPLETS SYMBOLIC CALCULATOR - A. Williams VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Symbolic Calculator defines "...variables and functions as well as to evaluate expressions containing numbers in any number system from 2 (binary) over 8 (octal), 10 (decimal) and 16 (hexadecimal) to 36, roman numerals, complex numbers, intervals, variables, matrices, function calls, boolean values (true and false) and operators (and, or, not ...), relations (e.g. greater than) and the if-then-else control structure...." INVERSE SYMBOLIC CALCULATORS & APPLETS INVERSE SYMBOLIC CALCULATOR - FROM NUMBERS BACK TO EQUATIONS - Centre for Experimental & Constructive Mathematics, Simon Fraser University, British, Columbia, Canada Multimedia Inverse Symbolic Calculator (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Inverse Symbolic Calculator includes: "...Simple Lookup and Browser for any number; Smart Lookup for any number; Generalized Expansions for real numbers of at least 16 digits; & Integer Relation Algorithms for any number..." For more information see Inverse Symbolic Calculator Home Page; Research; CECM, Department of Mathematics and Statistics or the Simon Fraser University Tensors & Relativity GENERAL RELATIVITY & DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY COURSES & LECTURES INTRODUCTION TO DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY AND GENERAL RELATIVITY - S. Waner, Department of Mathematics, Hofstra University Multimedia Differential Geometry and General Relativity Course (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. Examples of Differential Geometry and General Relativity Course Chapters include "...Smooth Manifolds and Scalar Fields; Contravariant and Covariant Vector Fields; Riemannian Manifolds Covariant Differentiation; Geodesics and Local Inertial Frames; The Riemann Curvature Tensor; The Stress Tensor and the Relativistic Stress-Energy Tensor; Three Basic Premises of General Relativity; etc..." For more information see Online Utilities & Software - Calculators; Finite Mathematics & Applied Calculus Resource Page; Steven R. Costenoble's Home Page; Department of Mathematics or Hofstra University GENERAL RELATIVITY LECTURE NOTES - Matthias Blau, Gravity and String Theory Group, Institut de Physique, Université de Neuchâtel, Switzerland Multimedia General Relativity Course Lecture Notes - PDF - 229 Pages (Text & Images). VERY VERY VERY...EXTENSIVE. 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Examples of Differential Geometry Chapters & Subchapters include Chapter 2: Fundamentals "...Basis and sub-basis for a topology; Discrete and indiscrete topologies; Hausdorff and non-Hausdorff topologies; Elementary metric spaces; etc..." Chapter 3: Affine Connexions "...Parallel transport; Geodesics; Torsion; Basic Curvature Identities; Weitzenbock connexion; etc..." Chapter 6: Metric tensor "...Riemannian geometry; Finsler/pseudo-Finsler geometry; The Weyl tensor; etc..." Chapter 8: Lie derivatives "...Lie derivatives on covariant vectors; Lie derivatives on general tensors; etc..." For more information see Lecture Notes; Math 464: Differential Geometry; Teaching; Matt Visser's Home Page or the School of