MARTINDALE’S THE “VIRTUAL” ~ MEDICAL CENTER PATHOLOGY, FORENSICS & VIROLOGY CENTER SECTION III MICROBIOLOGY & BACTERIOLOGY, MUSCULOSKELETAL PATHOLOGY, NEUROPATHOLOGY & CNS PATHOLOGY, OPHTHALMIC PATHOLOGY, ORAL PATHOLOGY OSTEOLOGY, OTOLARYNGOLOGIC PATHOLOGY, ENT PATHOLOGY & VOCAL PATHOLOGY PALEOPATHOLOGY, PARASITOLOGY, PATHOLOGY LABORATORY MEDICINE PATHOLOGY RADIOLOGY, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, PEDIATRIC PATHOLOGY, FETAL PATHOLOGY, PERINATAL PATHOLOGY RENAL PATHOLOGY, RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGY, PULMONARY PATHOLOGY SURGICAL PATHOLOGY, TELEPATHOLOGY, TOXICOLGIC PATHOLOLGY TRANSPLANT PATHOLOGY, TUMOR PATHOLOGY |
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Pathology, Forensics & Virology Center
Microbiology & Bacteriology
Undergraduate, Clinical & Medical
Bacteriology & Microbiology Journals FOR BACTERIOLOGY JOURNALS SEE THE FOR MICROBIOLOGY JOURNALS SEE THE Bacteriology Courses, Textbooks, Lessons, etc.
Growth of Bacterial Populations; Control of Microbial Growth; The Diversity of Procaryotic Metabolism; etc…” Bacterial Relationships with Animals
Mechanisms of Bacterial Pathogenicity; Bacteria of Medical Importance; etc…” Principles of Bacterial Pathogenesis
Bacterial Protein Toxins; Bacterial Endotoxin; etc…” Bacterial Pathogens and Diseases of Humans
Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pneumococcal Pneumonia; Neisseria: Gonorrhea and Meningitis; Whooping Cough (Pertussis); Cholera; Shigella and Shigellosis; Bacillus anthracis and Anthrax; Tuberculosis; etc…” Emerging Pathogens; For more information see Microbiology Courses with Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
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protists, mostly free-living ciliates,…The collection consists of about 1,500 clips, indexed by genus…” For more information see
Mycobacteriology; Mycology; Parasitology; Susceptibility Tests; etc…” For more information see
or the Course in HTML, PPT or PDF format…” Examples of “Bacteriology” Course Chapters include
Culture and Identification of Infectious Agents; Cell Envelope, spores and Macromolecular Biosynthesis; Bacteriophage; General Aspects of Bacterial Pathogenesis; Bordetella and Haemophilus; etc…” For more information see
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, provides current information about the major known agents that cause foodborne illness…” For more information see
Pathogenic Fungal Pronunciation Station; Pathogenic Parasite Pronunciation Station…” Examples of “Medical Microbiology” Lessons include
Tick-Borne Infections; Pneumonia (bacteria); Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Arthropod Borne Diseases; Gastrointestinal Infections ; etc…” Examples of “Medical Microbiology” Courses include
Medical Microbiology Course; etc…” For more information see
or the Course in HTML, PPT or PDF format…” Examples of “Medical Microbiology & Immunology” Courses include
Bacteriology Course; Virology Course; Parasitology Course Mycology Course…” For more information see the
Fructose Metabolism; Gluconeogenesis; The TCA Cycle and PDH; Pentose Phosphate Pathway; Bioactive Lipids & Lipid Receptors; Omega-3 & -6 Fatty Acid Functions; The Endocannabinoids; The Metabolic Syndrome: MetS; Diabetic Ketoacidosis; Nuclear Receptors in Metabolism; Bile Acid Synthesis & Functions; DNA Metabolism; Protein Modifications and Targeting; Biochemistry of Nerve Transmission; Blood Coagulation; etc…” For more information see
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Neuropathology Cases – Brain Pathology Cases
Clinical Details; Microscopic Examination; Final Diagnosis…” Examples from over “150” “Neuropathology Cases” include
4/2009 (#1): 6 year-old Girl with Hydrocephalus; 2/2009 (#1): 5 year-old Male with Interhemispheric Frontal Mass; etc…” For more information see the Neuropathology Courses
neuropathology to medical students and residents…” The material in Neuropathology is organized in 14 chapters and includes sections about stroke, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, Alzheimer’s disease, cerebral palsy, brain malformations, and many other topics. Each chapter includes text and small illustrations which, upon clicking, reveal larger, more detailed pictures…” Examples of ‘Neuropathology Course Chapters include
Hypoxia and Stroke; Perinatal Disorders; Trauma; CNS Infections; Demyelinating Diseases; Brain Tumors; Nutritional Disorders; Degenerative Diseases; Metabolic Disorders; Congenital Malformations; Peripheral Neuropathy; Myopathology; Cerebrospinal Fluid…” For more information see the
glial cells. Glial cells are astrocytes, oligodendroglia, ependymal cells, and microglia…” Examples of “Applied Neurcytology and Basic Reactions” Chapter Lessons include
Astrocytes; Oligodendroglia; Ependymal Cells; Microglia-Macrophages; Tissue Patterns…”
brain inside the skull. Impact, (a blow to the head, a fall in which the head hits the ground) can cause a fracture or a sudden deformation of the skull without a fracture. In either case, mechanical forces transmitted to the underlying brain, compress or lacerate its surface and cause ripples of shock waves that travel through it and injure…” Examples of “Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and Increased Intracranial Pressure” Chapter Lessons include
Skull fractures; Epidural Hematoma; Subdural Hematoma; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage; Cerebral contusion; Diffuse axonal injury; Shaken Baby Syndrome; Intracerebral Hematoma; Hypoxic-ischemic Lesions; Increased Intracranial Pressure; Herniations; Cerebral Edema…”
(dementia, loss of movement control, paralysis), and pathologically by loss of neurons. In some of them, loss of neurons is accompanied by specific histopathological findings such as…” Examples of “Degenerative Diseases” Chapter Lessons include
AD Pathology; AD Genetics; AD Neurotransmitters; Frontotemporal Dementia-Pick’s Disease; Tauopathies; Parkinson’s Disease; MPTP Parkinsonism; Huntington’s Disease; etc…”
Myopathy: Other; Muscle; Muscle: Storage; Myopathy: Congenital; Myopathy: Hereditary; Neuromuscular junction; Myelin; Neuropathy & Neuronopathy…” For more information see
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Ophthalmic Pathology Related Centers FOR OPHTHALMOLOGY & OPTOMETRY ATLASES, CASES, COURSES, DATABASES, ETC. SEE THE Ophthalmic Pathology Atlases & Ophthalmic Pathology Collections
and their pathology for use by researchers and clinicians to aid in preventing, diagnosing, and treating diseases of the eye and visual system…” David G. Cogan Ophthalmic Pathology Collection includes over “1,000” Ophthalmic Pathology Cases and
Select Cases by Case Number; Select Cases by Anatomical Location; Select Cases by Clinical Description; Select Cases by Histopathology Description; Select Cases by Normal Slide Description (cases that illustrate normal pathology)…” For more information see
Eyelid; Conjunctiva; Cornea; Retinoblastoma; Vitreous; Optic Nerve; Uveal Melanoma; Ocular Trauma; Glaucoma; Retina For more Information see the
Eyelid Examples of “Eyelid” Ophthalmic Pathology Lessons include
Inflammations: chalazions, cellulitis, molluscum; Benign epidermal lesions: seborrheic keratosis, papilloma, keratoacanthoma; Pigmented eyelid lesions: nevi, melanoma; etc…”
Fungal Keratitis; Acanthamoeba Keratitis; Band Keratopathy; Actinic Keratopathy; Keratoconus; etc…” |
Related Oral Pathology Centers FOR MORE DENTAL ATLASES, CASES, COURSES, DATABASES, JOURNALS, TEXTBOOKS, LECTURES, VIDEOS, ETC. SEE THE |
Otolaryngologic Pathology Atlases – ENT Pathology Atlases Head & Neck Pathology Atlases
Atypia-Dysplasia; Basaloid Squamous Carcinoma; Carcinoma in-situ; Cholesterol Granulomas; Chondrodermatitis Nodularis Helicis; Fibrous Dysplasia; Hashimoto’s Disease; Oncocytoma and Oncocytic Adenocarcinoma; Polymorphous Low-Grade Adenocarconoma; Sialolithiasis; Thyroglossal Cyst; etc…” For more information see the
Paleopathology Cases
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Invertebrate Zoology Dictionary
Parasitic Disease Cases PARASITIC DISEASE CASES – DPDx – Laboratory Identification of Parasitic Diseases of Public Health Concern, PDivision of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)C Multimedia Parasitic Disease Cases (Text & Images). Includes over “250” Parasitic Disease Cases. For more information see DPDx – Laboratory Identification of Parasitic Diseases of Public Health Concern; Parasitic Diseases: Parasites – Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria or the CDC Clinical Parasitology & Medical Parasitology Cases, Diagnostic Procedures, etc.
through concise reviews of parasites and parasitic diseases, including an image library and a review of recommended procedures for collecting, shipping, processing, and…” “…A Diagnostic Assistance function, in which laboratory and other health professionals can ask questions and/or send digital images of specimens for expedited review and…” For more information see
Serum/Plasma Specimens; Stool Specimens; Other Specimens; Bench Aids; etc…” Clinical & Medical Parasitology Courses with Text, Images, Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
on or within another organism. The parasite derives all benefits from association and the host may either not be harmed or may suffer the consequences of this association, a parasite disease. The parasite is termed obligate when it can live only…” Examples of “Clinical & Medical Parasitology” Course Chapters & Subchapters include
Giardiasis (lambliasis): Epidemiology, morbidity and mortality. Morphology of the organisms. Life cycles, hosts and vectors. Disease, symptoms and…” Blood Protozoa
The Molecular Biology of Trypanosomiasis
The molecular basis of antigen variation. The mode of…” Nematodes
Morphology of the organism. Life cycle, hosts and vectors. Disease,…” Cestodes
The diseases that they cause: diagnosis,..” Trematodes
(Giant intestinal fluke), Clonorchis sinensis (Chinese Liver Fluke), Paragonimus westermani (Lung Fluke)…” Arthropods; Ticks…” For more information see Nematode Databases & Lectures
In terms of individuals, nematodes account for an estimated four of every five animals in the world. (The other fifth are mostly beetles.) There are 10,000 known species and the actual number may be more than 100,000. While most nematodes are free-living, parasitic nematodes are major challenges to human health and agriculture. Parasitic nematodes, including whipworm, Ascaris, hookworm, and filarial worms, currently infect about 3 billion people. Plant parasitic nematodes, such as root knot nematode, cause an estimated 80 billion dollars in crop damage annually. For more information see the
Fine Structure of the Worm – SlidableWorm; Neurons; Cell Identification; Glossary of Anatomical Terms in C. elegans For more information see the
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Pathology Laboratory Medicine Related Centers FOR CHEMISTRY LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS, CALCULATORS, DATABASES & COURSES SEE THE FOR CHEMICAL & BIOCHEMICAL DATABASES SEE
Pathology Laboratory Guidelines, Manuals & Databases
all clinical laboratories must be properly certified to receive Medicare or Medicaid payments, CLIA has no direct Medicare or Medicaid program responsibilities…” For more information see Pathology Laboratory Instrumentation CVL Target Ranges (Calibration Verification/Linearity Ranges)
Urine Chemistry; Reproductive Endocrinology; Hematology Extended Range; Serum Ethanol Extended Range; Blood Gas/Critical Care; Whole Blood Ethanol; Reticulocyte; High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein; Flow Cytometry; Creatinine Accuracy; etc…” For more information see Flow Cytometry Training Courses with Videos/Movies & Audio/Sound
Forward Scatter Video; Forward Scatter Detector Video; Scatter Plot Video; 2D Scatter Plot of Blood Video; Fluorescence Detection Video; Emission Filter Typers Video; etc…” For more information see
Gating; Compensation; Fluorescenece Tandem; Three Color Experiment; etc…”
Fluorescence Quantitation Video; Flow Cytometry Theory Video; Light and Matter Video; Light and Fluorescence Video; Optical Systems Video; Detectors Video; Flow Systems and Hydrodynamics Video; etc…” For more information see the Pathology Laboratory: Method of Histochemical Stains & Diagnostic Applications
Methods for Carbohydrates and Mucopolysaccharides; Methods for Connective Tissue; Methods for Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Elements; Methods for Pigments and Metals; Methods for Nerve Cells and Fibers; Methods for Fats and Lipids; Histochemical Methods; Miscellaneous Methods and Information; Stability of Special Staining Solutions…” Each Method includes
Diagnostic Application; Material and Solutions; Staining Procedure; Staining Results; Comment & References…” For more information see Pathology Laboratory: Cancer Checklist for Tumor Reporting
allow quick and easy composition of pathology reports on malignant tumors and integration of required information into existing laboratory information systems…” For more information see Pathology Laboratory Tests & Microbiology Collection Procedures FOR MORE CLINICAL LAB TESTS, DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES & PROCEDURES, LAB TECHNIQUES, ETC. SEE THE Some Examples
Disease-related topics include background information, test ordering suggestions, and concise diagnostic advice; Diagnostic algorithms; etc…” Browse ARUP’s Physician’s Guide to Laboratory Test Selection & Interpretation by
Topics with Algorithms; Topic Names or Recent Updates…” Depending on Disease, Each Disease includes
Risk Factors Clinical Presentation; Pathophysiology; Diagnosis; Disease monitoring…” Indications for Ordering Test
Recommended Use; Limitations; Follow Up…” References; For more information see
guidelines for the selection of pathology tests and to facilitate interpretation of results…” For more information see
Depending Clinical Problem (Disease) Each Problem/Disease Name includes
Depending on Test, Each Test includes
Reference Interval; Application; Interpretation; etc…”
Specimen Type: Whole Blood, Body Fluid, Bone Marror, Eye, etc…” Depending on Test, Each Test Name includes
Special Instructions; Analytic Time; Reference Ranges; etc…” For more information see the
Gastrointestinal; Genital Tract; Ocular Specimens; Respiratory Specimens; Sterile Body Fluids; Subcutaneous Tissue & Skin Specimens; Deep Wounds, Aspirates & Tissue Specimens; Urine; etc…”
COE Code; Synonymns; Container; Normal Volume; Offsite Collection; Analytic Time; Reference Range; Test Methodology; CPT Code; etc…” Also includes:
Critical Values; Point of Care (POC) Testing; etc…” For more information see the
Method Name; Specimen Requirement; Reference Values; Day(s) & Time(s); CPT Code; Special Instructions; etc…” For more information see the
Available Stats; Sample Type; Container Type; Minimum Volume; Causes for Rejection; Normal Range; etc…” Laboratory Test Database also includes
Bone Marrow Aspiration/Biops; Transfusion Service and Blood Donor Center; Microbiology; etc…” For more information see the
POE Test Name; Routine Code; Laboratory; Method; Laboratory; Specimen Requirements; Reference Range; Critical Action Values; CPT Codes; etc…” For more information see |
Pathology Radiology Cases
RADIOLOGY CENTER Pathology Radiology Cases
Face, Ear and Neck Pathology Radiology Cases; Pathology of Spine and Contents Radiology Cases; Skeleton Pathology Radiology Cases; Cardiovascular Pathology Radiology Cases; Chest Pathology Radiology Cases; Gastrointestinal Pathology Radiology Cases; Urogenital Pathology Radiology Cases; Vascular Pathology Radiology Cases; Breast Pathology Radiology Cases; Radiology Cases as Unknowns; etc…” For more information see the
Pathologic Basis of Disease Textbooks
Tissue Repair: Cellular Growth, Fibrosis, and Wound Healing; Hemodynamic Disorders, Thrombosis, and Shock; Genetic Disorders; Diseases of Immunity; Neoplasia; Infectious Diseases; etc…” Diseases of Organ Systems
Diseases of White Blood Cells, Lymph Nodes, Spleen, and Thymus; Head and Neck; The Gastrointestinal Tract; The Liver and Biliary Tract; The Lower Urinary Tract and the Male Genital Tract; The Female Genital Tract; The Breast; etc…” |
Perinatal Pathology Symposia
Pediatric Pathology Cases & Atlases Combined
in which imaging plays a key role in diagnosing and managing thoracic diseases in children…” Cases include:
Infant (28 days – 1 year); Toddler (1 year – 3 years); Preschooler (3 years – 5 years); School Age (5 years – 12 years); Adolescent (13 years – 18 years)…”
Knowns Organized by Organ System; Unknowns Organized by Organ System Type; Unknowns Organized by Age; Unknowns Organized by Clinical Presentation; Unorganized Unknowns…” For more information see
Renal Pathology, Kidney Biopsy, Nephropathology Cases & Grand Rounds AJKD Teaching Cases
Imaging Teaching Cases; Acid-Base and Electrolyte Teaching Cases …” For more information see Kidney – Renal Biopsy Cases
Kidney Involvement in Multicentric Castleman Disease; Acute Kidney Failure in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy; etc…” For more information see Renal Pathology Atlases & Databases
Secondary Glomerular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Tubulointerstitial Diseases; Renal Transplantation; etc…” For more information see Nephropathology Courses & Lessons
Vascular Pathology – “From Vasculitis to Vasculopathy to Vascular Rejection”; Antibody Mediated Renal Allograft Rejection; etc…” For more information see the |
Pulmonary Pathology Atlases & Respiratory Pathology Atlases
Atypical pneumonia; Bronchiectasis; Cystic malformations; End-stage lung; Goodpasture’s syndrome; Idiopathic hemosiderosis; LAM; Lymphoid granulomatosis; Neuroendocrine carcinoma; Pulmonary hypertension; Sarcoidosis; Thromboembolism; etc…” For more information see
Pneumonias; Granulomatous Diseases; Obstructive Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Neoplasms; etc…” For more information see Surgical Pathology Related Centers FOR SURGERY ATLASES, CASES, COURSES, DATABASES, JOURNALS, TEXTBOOKS, VIDEOS, ETC. SEE THE Surgical Pathology Procedure Manuals
and training purposes only. How a specimen should be handled also depends on specific practice setting. The users are expected to use their judgment as to the accuracy and adequacy of information presented here…” Body of the Grossing Manual
The instructive information is organized into three subsections (paragraphs):
Diagram that gives graphic depiction about how to handle the specimen; Dictation template that can be used as an example for gross description…” Examples of “Electronic Manual for Gross Examination in Surgical Pathology” Subject Categories include
Breast; Cardiovascular; Endocrine; Female Reproductive; Gastrointestinal; Head & Neck; Hepatobiliary/Pancreas; Lower Respiratory; Lymphoid/Marrow; Male Reproductive; Neuromuscular/Eye; Pediatric/Placenta; Skin; Soft Tissue; Urinary…” For more information see
dangerous and harmful as a wrong diagnosis. The skill to formulate diagnosis seems largely neglected in scholarly publications and not adequately emphasized in our training. Although it is impossible and unwise to impose rigid formula or style for reporting diagnosis, some general guidelines should be followed…” For more information see Surgical Pathology Protocols
Surgical Pathology Cases
Surgical Pathology Courses & Lessons
Bladder; Bone and Joints; Colon; Esophagus; Larynx and Hypopharynx; Leukemia/Myelodysplasia; Liver and Intrahepatic Iile Ducts – non Tumor; Lung; Lung-non Tumor; Lung-tumor; Myeloproliferative Disorders; Nasal Cavity, Sinuses and Nasopharynx; Oral Cavity and Oropharynx; Parathyroid Gland; Small bowel (Small Intestine); Spleen; Uterus; etc…” Toxicology Related Centers FOR TOXICOLOGY ATLASES, CASES, COURSES, DATABASES, JOURNALS, TEXTBOOKS, LESSONS, VIDEOS, ETC. SEE THE Transplant Pathology Cases
Tumor Pathology Cases
FOR VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY ATLASES, CASES, COURSES, DATABASES, JOURNALS, TEXTBOOKS, LESSONS, VIDEOS, ETC. SEE THE
FOR VETERINARY PATHOLOGY ATLASES, CASES, COURSES, DATABASES, JOURNALS, TEXTBOOKS, LESSONS, VIDEOS, ETC. SEE THE
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